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оставляет в верхней половине. Понятно, что если такой мини-вахтер будет дежурить у дверцы достаточно долго, газ разделится на две половины: в верхней части останется холодный газ, состоящий из медленных молекул, а в нижней скопится горячий газ из быстрых молекул. Тем самым система упорядочится по сравнению с исходным состоянием, и второе начало термодинамики будет нарушено. Мало того, разницу температур можно будет использовать для получения работы (см. Цикл и теорема Карно). Если такого вахтера оставить на дежурстве навечно (или организовать сменное дежурство), мы получим вечный двигатель (формулировка взята с http://elementy.ru. Там же есть и контраргументы).

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      Известный в советское время популяризатор зоологии, талантливый писатель.

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