LITMIR.BIZ

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in his peasant boyhood he had plied

      His warfare with rude nature's thwarting mights; —

      The uncleared forest, the unbroken soil,

      The iron bark that turn's the lumberer's axe,

      The rapid, that o'erbears the boatman's toil,

      The prairie, hiding the mazed wanderer's tracks,

      The ambushed Indian, and the prowling bear —

      Such were the needs that helped his youth to train:

      Rough culture – but such trees large fruit may bear,

      If but their stocks be of right girth and grain.

      So he grew up, a destined work to do,

      And lived to do it: four long suffering years'

      Ill-fate, ill-feeling, ill-report, lived through,

      And then he heard the hisses change to cheers,

      The taunts to tribute, the abuse to praise,

      And took both with the same unwavering mood;

      Till, as he came on light, from darkling days,

      And seemed to touch the goal from where he stood,

      A felon hand, between the goal and him,

      Reached from behind his back, a trigger prest —

      And those perplexed and patient eyes were dim,

      Those gaunt, long-laboring limbs were laid to rest!

      The words of mercy were upon his lips,

      Forgiveness in his heart and on his pen,

      When this vile murderer brought swift eclipse

      To thoughts of peace on earth, good-will to men.

      The old world and the new, from sea to sea,

      Utter one voice of sympathy and shame!

      Sore heart, so stopped when it at last beat high!

      Sad life, cut short just as its triumph came.

      Lincoln must be looked upon in the final review of his character, as one of those men elect of God, whom he calls and chooses to effect great purposes of his own, and fashions and educates with especial reference to that purpose. As is usual in such cases, the man whom God chooses for a work is not at all the man whom the world beforehand would choose, and often for a time the world has difficulty in receiving him. There was great questioning about him in the diplomatic circles of Europe, when the war began, and there was great searching of heart concerning him at home. There have been times when there were impatient murmurs that another sort of man was wanted in his chair – a man with more dash, more brilliancy, more Napoleonic efficiency. Yet in the contest such a man might have been our ruin. A brilliant military genius might have wrecked the republic on the rock of military despotism, where so many good ships have gone down; whereas, slow, cautious, honest old Abe only took our rights of habeas corpus, and other civil privileges, as he did the specie of old, to make the legal tender, and brought it all back safe and sound.

      Lincoln was a strong man, but his strength was of a peculiar kind; it was not aggressive so much as passive, and among passive things it was like the strength not so much of a stone buttress as of a wire cable. It was strength swaying to every influence, yielding on this side and on that to popular needs, yet tenaciously and inflexibly bound to carry its great end. Probably by no other kind of strength could our national ship have been drawn safely through so dreadful a channel. Surrounded by all sorts of conflicting claims, by traitors, by half-hearted, timid men, by border State men and free State men, by radical abolitionists and conservatives, he listened to all, heard all, weighed all, and in his own time acted by his own honest convictions in the fear of God, and thus simply and purely he did the greatest work that has been done in modern times.

      CHAPTER II

      ULYSSES SIMPSON GRANT

      A General Wanted – A Short War Expected – The Young Napoleon – God's Revenge Against Slavery – The Silent Man in Galena – "Tanning Leather" – Gen. Grant's Puritan Descent – How he Loaded the Logs – His West Point Career – Service in Mexico – Marries and Leaves the Army – Wood-Cutting, Dunning and Leather-Selling – Enlists against the Rebellion – Missouri Campaign – Paducah Campaign – Fort Donelson Campaign – Battle of Shiloh – How Grant Lost his Temper – Vicksburg Campaign – Lincoln on Grant's "Drinking" – Chattanooga – Grant's Method of Making a Speech – Appointed Lieutenant-General – The Richmond Campaign – "Mr. Grant is a Very Obstinate Man" – Grant's Qualifications as a Ruler – Honesty – Generosity to Subordinates – Sound Judgment of Men – Power of Holding his Tongue – Grant's Sidewalk Platform – Talks Horse to Senator Wade – "Wants Nothing Said" – The Best Man for Next President.

      When the perception of our late great military crisis first came upon us, and we found ourselves engaged in an actual and real war, our first inquiry was for our General.

      For years and years there had been only peace talk and peace valuations in our market. There had, to be sure, been some frontier skirmishing – a campaign in Mexico, which drew off our more restless adventurers, and gave our politicians a little of a smart, martial air, in rounding their periods, and pointing their allusions. We had played war in Mexico as we read romances, and the principal interest of it was, after all, confined to our very small regular army of some twenty-five thousand men, where some got promotions in consequence of the vacancies made in this or that battle.

      Gen. Scott won European renown and some laurels in this country. We created an office of Lieutenant General on purpose to do him honor; but the people, after all, laughed in their sleeves, and irreverently called our national hero "Old Fuss and Feathers;" a nickname which went far to show that whatever his talents in the field might be, he had not succeeded in establishing over the body of his countrymen the ascendency which strong minds hold over weak ones.

      But when the hour of our trial came we had to look to him as our leader, and Gen. Scott accepted cheerfully the situation, whose reality and magnitude neither he nor we, nor any mortal living at that time, perceived, or could estimate. Seward smiled in his cabinet chair, and spoke of the affair as a little skirmish that would be over in ninety days. A battle or two, might occur, then an armistice, and then "We, Us and Company" would walk in with our red tape and circumlocution office, and tie up everything better than before. So Scott spread his maps and talked cheerfully, and the Washington cabinet congratulated one another. "This is to be my last campaign," said Scott, "and I mean it to be my best."

      The country listened with earnest ears now to what our chief military man said. When the father of a family is lying between life and death, there is no more laughing at the doctor – and in the solemn hush that preceded real war, there was no more sneering at old Fuss and Feathers. People wanted to believe in him. They searched out his old exploits, talked of his old successes, that they might hope and believe that they had a deliverer and a leader in their midst.

      Slowly, surely, it began to appear through many a defeat, many a disaster; through days and nights when men's hearts failed them for fear, and for looking for the things that were coming on the earth; through all such signs and wonders as usher in great convulsions of society – it began to be manifested that this nation was in a contest for which there were no precedents, which was to be as wide as from ocean to ocean, which was to number its forces by millions, and for which all former rules and ordinances of war, all records of campaigns and battles, were as mere obsolete ballads and old songs. The inquiry began to grow more urgent: Who is to be our General?

      General Scott professed that the work was too great for him, but he called to his right hand and presented to the nation one whom he delighted to honor, and who was announced with songs and cheerings as the young Napoleon of America.

      The nation received him with acclamation. They wanted a young Napoleon. A young Napoleon was just what they needed, and a young Napoleon therefore they were determined to believe that they had; and for a while nothing was heard but

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