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в журнале «Северные записки» (1913. № 12.

      С. 195–196).

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      Серию «Жизнь замечательных людей» инициировал до революции издатель

      Ф. Ф. Павленков; с 1890 по 1907 год в ней было опубликовано 198 биографий. Горький основал советскую серию с таким же названием в 1933 году.

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      Здесь я опираюсь на предложенную Дж. Клиффордом классификацию из пяти типов биографий [Clifford 1970: 84–87]; другие теории предлагают не менее восьми типов [Kendall 1965: 126–127]. В России была издана только одна работа, исследующая биографику в общем виде. Книга Д. А. Жукова «Биография биографии: размышление о жанре» [Жуков 1980] содержит обширный обзор выходивших по всему миру биографий и некоторых связанных с этим жанром теорий.

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      Эта проблема жизни и искусства оказывается центральной для биографий писателей. И. 3. Сурат подчеркивала, что «жизнь и личность автора дают ключ к его творениям, и наоборот – творения открывают нам личность и путь их творца» [Сурат 1999: 178].

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