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El Hami

      Volume 13

      Product Maturity 2

       Principles and Illustrations

      Franck Bayle

      First published 2022 in Great Britain and the United States by ISTE Ltd and John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

      Apart from any fair dealing for the purposes of research or private study, or criticism or review, as permitted under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, this publication may only be reproduced, stored or transmitted, in any form or by any means, with the prior permission in writing of the publishers, or in the case of reprographic reproduction in accordance with the terms and licenses issued by the CLA. Enquiries concerning reproduction outside these terms should be sent to the publishers at the undermentioned address:

      ISTE Ltd

      27-37 St George’s Road

      London SW19 4EU

      UK

       www.iste.co.uk

      John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

      111 River Street

      Hoboken, NJ 07030

      USA

       www.wiley.co

      © ISTE Ltd 2022

      The rights of Franck Bayle to be identified as the author of this work have been asserted by him in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988.

      Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s), contributor(s) or editor(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of ISTE Group.

      Library of Congress Control Number: 2021952701

      British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data

      A CIP record for this book is available from the British Library

      ISBN 978-1-78630-740-8

      Foreword by Laurent Denis

      Human beings are plagued by major worries, such as fear of death and fear of illness. “How long will I live?” is a question that arises even in childhood. “Will I one day have to deal with a condition similar to my neighbor’s?”. We live in an age where disease, death, old age and disability are subjects to be avoided in polite conversation. “How are you?” is a standard greeting to which a different and darker reply than the traditional, “I’m very well, thank you, and you?” risks embarrassing or even annoying the other party. Avoiding the problems of others, for fear they may be contagious, gives us a sense of immortality on a daily basis.

      This is a rather recent phenomenon, as many previous generations did not hide the elderly or sick, although the risk of accidents in everyday life was higher and so death was a more common occurrence. It was certainly a source of anxiety, but the Church was there to alleviate it. Today we hide this subject by paying attention to a society made up of young, healthy people whom we must emulate at all costs so as to be part of it. Since our days are more or less the same, we succumb to procrastination at the first opportunity and Seneca’s carpe diem loses its wonderful charm to give way to flat Platonic reflection.

      Many companies still see the reliability study of a system before it becomes operational as a mandatory step to be overcome, bypassing or minimizing it as soon as possible. In the design phase, a signed product FMECA will end up in a folder, its purpose merely to certify that the rules have been followed correctly. The objective of the test phase is to confirm that the device being tested meets the requirements of a standard, without taking the opportunity to validate that the mission profiles on the ground will not unpredictably damage the product. During production, process control cards are used to verify that tolerance limits are not exceeded, without establishing forecasting instances that could lead to accidental stops. Hence, only data in the form of returned products, found to be defective by the end user, are subjected to a posteriori analyses by customer support. This can incur various costs and may lead to product recall if a serious defect is found.

      Fortunately, however, the reality tends to be a little less bleak than the situation described above, with the emergence and dissemination of best practices that are based on theories validated by various industry sectors. These are now adapting to the challenges that companies face: making increasingly complex products that are more adaptable and ever-faster, while maintaining quality standards and reducing costs. This no longer involves applying deterministic models in which a single value is assigned to an objective to be reached. Instead, it is about drawing up a range of possible solutions that allow the supplier or integrator to make sure that the worst case a product might be subjected to on the ground can still be controlled by statistical modeling. The best way to achieve this is through the combined use of theoretical and technical resources: an in-depth understanding of the possible technological problems and solutions given by the manufacturer allows the qualified reliability engineer to build the most suitable predictive models. Ideally, a single person would have these two complementary sets of skills.

      This book is essential reading for any passionate reliability engineer, and it is a real pleasure and an honor to write this foreword to accompany it.

      Laurent DENIS

      STATXPERT

      November 2021

      Foreword by Serge Zaninotti

      When Franck invited me to work with him on his second book on system maturity, I immediately accepted. My interest in the subject has grown largely as a

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