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Figure 2.4: Platform as a service (PaaS).

      Generally, PaaS is used where a substantial programming venture is working and when various developers and customers are planning to connect various programming modules in order for the organization and testing services to be mechanized. All things considered, cloud customers aren’t required to understand the basic foundation of the cloud; however, they are eager to utilize the services and tweak the services further.

       2.4.4 Software as a Service (SaaS)

      Software as a Service (SaaS) utilizes applications conveyed by the CSPs in a specific cloud framework, which were available via different devices by means of a user interface similar to electronic mail. SaaS gives the architecture for programming use. Customers simply use the product service without Ariel software to maintain and refresh the product. It decreases the multifaceted nature of pricing as customers don’t want to worry about each one of these problems. For example, perhaps customers can use Salesforce.com as their SaaS provider. The layer might provide prepared for use programming service and the customers don’t have the stress involved in buying and maintaining the product [12]. Cloud customers don’t need to understand the fundamental engineering of cloud foundation; they simply use the product. Essential modules of programming services may encourage the creation, conveyance and utilization of the product [14].

      Figure 2.5: Software as a service (SaaS).

      Programming services provided to the customers incorporate enterprise services close to work process administration, coordinated effort administration, digitized signature, supply chain management, programming conveyance services, financial administration, customer relationship management (CRM) and so on. Web 2.0 applications can include metadata administration, gateway services, social networking, blogs, etc.

      To assist these service conveyance models, a few important services ought to be incorporated:

       2.4.5 Network as a Service (NaaS)

      Although not a hosted server/application cloud-based service model, we feel Network as a Service (NaaS) needs a quick introduction at this point. The NaaS model allows your business to outsource the day-to-day burden of running your wide area network (WAN) connectivity. You can even outsource your LAN infrastructure if required. The network provider becomes responsible for your overall network connectivity when using NaaS; theretofore, you can enjoy time and cost savings due to overall simplification and performance gains.

      NaaS providers, such as Amber Networks, are also capable of providing hosted cloud services over high speed connections directly from their core network (“on net”). This means that the traffic for your hosted cloud services does not have to traverse the public internet, but rather travels directly from your site to your NaaS provider’s network, and then directly to your hosted cloud service.

       2.4.6 Desktop as a Service (DaaS/VDI)

      One further step that is becoming increasingly popular is removing most of the desktop support element from your local IT team by using the Desktop as a Service (DaaS) model. In this service model the provider hosts, manages and supports the virtual desktop infrastructure (VDI) environment and delivers that service securely either over the public internet or via a private network.

      Your IT team can manage your own virtual desktop images and applications or have the provider perform that function for you.

       2.4.7 Recovery as a Service (DRaaS)

      The Recovery as a Service (RaaS) model (also known as DRaaS) allows you to use a single managed platform for all of your backup and disaster recovery needs. The RaaS provider’s platform will allow you to backup and recover server operating systems, applications and databases.

      RaaS is a cost-effective backup model that can help your business reduce the impact of downtime due to hardware and application failure by providing backup services for critical data and applications. RaaS can replicate your production services to a diverse backup infrastructure, so transitioning to the backup environment is quick and seamless.

2.5 Security Paradigms and Issues of Cloud Computing

Cloud computing relies on a change in perspective with ramifications in computational issues. Ideal models moving to cloud computing are the fundamental mainstay of progress in traditional computational models for addressing problems concerning information security and protection. The various components concerned with security and protection types of problems are shown in Table 2.1 and discussed below.

Table 2.1: Shared responsibility model for security of cloud computing.