Handbook of MRI Technique - Catherine Westbrook

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3.5 Spoiled gradient echo pulse sequence diagram.Figure 3.6 Reverse echo gradient echo pulse sequence diagram.Figure 3.7 Gradient echo – EPI pulse sequence diagram.

      3 Chapter 4Figure 4.1 Time of flight flow phenomenon.Figure 4.2 Intra‐voxel dephasing.Figure 4.3 The periodicity of fat and water.

      4 Chapter 5Figure 5.1 Correct placement of gating leads.Figure 5.2 A normal ECG trace and correct placement of the triggering level....Figure 5.3 The ECG trace including safeguarding windows.Figure 5.4 Data acquisition in ciné imaging. Four slice locations at four ph...Figure 5.5 Correct positioning of respiratory bellows to catch abdominal and...

      5 Chapter 6Figure 6.1 MRI safety zones as recommended by the ACR Guidance Document on M...

      6 Chapter 7Figure 7.1 Tumbling of water molecules. Top left (time 1), top right (time 2...

      7 Chapter 8Figure 8.1 Transverse aspect of the brain showing inferior structures.Figure 8.2 Oblique aspect of the brain showing inferior structures.Figure 8.3 Sagittal localizer of the brain showing the ACPC axis. (Source: S...Figure 8.4 Sagittal localizer showing slice prescription and angulation for ...Figure 8.5 Sagittal localizer showing slice prescription and angulation for ...Figure 8.6 Coronal FSE/TSE T2‐weighted image with radial k‐space demonstrati...Figure 8.7 Axial IR‐T1‐weighted image of the brain.Figure 8.8 Axial FLAIR T2‐weighted image with radial k‐space demonstrating h...Figure 8.9 DWI of the brain with a b value of 1000 mm2/s. The high signal in...Figure 8.10 Tractography demonstrating tract orientation.Figure 8.11 Frequency and amplitude of common metabolites in the brain, meas...Figure 8.12 Image showing VOI in an MRS of the brain.Figure 8.13 The temporal lobe and its relationships.Figure 8.14 Sagittal localizer showing slice prescription and angulation for...Figure 8.15 Sagittal localizer showing slice prescription and angulation for...Figure 8.16 Coronal FSE/TSE‐IR T2‐weighted image of the brain with TI select...Figure 8.17 Coronal FSE/TSE‐IR T2‐weighted image video inverted to better de...Figure 8.18 Coronal localizer showing slice prescription for axial imaging o...Figure 8.19 Sagittal localizer showing slice prescription for coronal imagin...Figure 8.20 Axial FSE/TSE T2‐weighted high spatial resolution image demonstr...Figure 8.21 Axial FSE/TSE T2‐weighted high spatial resolution image demonstr...Figure 8.22 The pituitary fossa and its relationships.Figure 8.23 Sagittal localizer showing slice prescription and angulation for...Figure 8.24 Sagittal localizer showing slice prescription and angulation for...Figure 8.25 Coronal FSE/TSE T1‐weighted image after contrast enhancement dem...Figure 8.26 The structures of the orbit in sagittal section.Figure 8.27 Inner structures of the eye.Figure 8.28 Sagittal localizer showing the correct orientation for axial/obl...Figure 8.29 Sagittal localizer showing slice prescription and angulation for...Figure 8.30 Sagittal localizer showing slice prescription and angulation for...Figure 8.31 Coronal STIR of the orbits demonstrating a venous malformation. ...Figure 8.32 Axial 3D FSE/TSE T2‐weighted image with parallel imaging demonst...Figure 8.33 Anterior view of the paranasal sinuses.Figure 8.34 Sagittal localizer showing slice prescription and angulation for...Figure 8.35 Sagittal localizer showing slice prescription and angulation for...Figure 8.36 Sagittal/oblique section through the mouth, larynx and pharynx....Figure 8.37 Sagittal localizer showing slice prescription and angulation for...Figure 8.38 Coronal localizer showing slice prescription for axial imaging o...Figure 8.39 Coronal localizer showing slice prescription for sagittal imagin...Figure 8.40 Coronal STIR with radial k‐space demonstrating a nasopharyngeal ...Figure 8.41 Sagittal localizer showing slice prescription for axial imaging ...Figure 8.42 Sagittal localizer showing slice prescription and angulation for...Figure 8.43 Axial FSE/TSE T2‐weighted image with fat suppression (Dixon) dem...Figure 8.44 Coronal STIR MIP demonstrating lymphoma.Figure 8.45 Sagittal view of the thyroid gland and its relationships.Figure 8.46 Anterior view of the thyroid gland and its relationships.Figure 8.47 Coronal localizer showing slice prescription for axial imaging o...Figure 8.48 Axial FSE/TSE T1‐weighted image with fat suppression (Dixon) dem...Figure 8.49 Axial FSE/TSE T2 weighted image with fat suppression (Dixon) dem...Figure 8.50 Sagittal view of the TMJ and its relationships.Figure 8.51 Axial localizer showing slice prescription and angulation for sa...Figure 8.52 Contrast enhanced multi‐phase images of the brain.Figure 8.53 Phase contrast venogram of the brain.Figure 8.54 Coronal contrast‐enhanced MRA of the neck vessels.

      8 Chapter 9Figure 9.1 Sagittal view of the spine showing vertebral levels.Figure 9.2 The components of the cervical spine and spinal cord.Figure 9.3 Sagittal localizer showing slice prescription for axial imaging o...Figure 9.4 Sagittal localizer showing slice prescription for axial/oblique s...Figure 9.5 Sagittal FSE/TSE T2‐weighted midline image through the cervical c...Figure 9.6 Axial FSE/TSE T2‐weighted image of the cervical cord demonstratin...Figure 9.7 Axial balanced GRE T2*‐weighted image through the cervical cord....Figure 9.8 Sagittal localizer showing slice prescription for axial imaging o...Figure 9.9 Sagittal FSE/TSE T2‐weighted image of the thoracic spine.Figure 9.10 Axial/oblique FSE/TSE T2‐weighted image through the thoracic cor...Figure 9.11 Sagittal localizer showing slice prescription for axial imaging ...Figure 9.12 Sagittal localizer showing slice prescription for axial imaging ...Figure 9.13 Sagittal FSE/TSE T1‐weighted image demonstrating an acute fractu...Figure 9.14 Axial/oblique FSE/TSE T2‐weighted image of the lumbar spine demo...Figure 9.15 Sagittal STIR of the lumbar spine.Figure 9.16 Sagittal FSE/TSE T1‐weighted image (left) and T2‐weighted image ...Figure 9.17 Sagittal/oblique balanced GRE T2*‐weighted image through the cer...

      9 Chapter 10Figure 10.1 Anterior view of the components of the chest cavity.Figure 10.2 Coronal localizer of the chest showing prescription of axial sli...Figure 10.3 Axial CSE T1‐weighted gated image of the chest.Figure 10.4 Axial FSE/TSE T2‐weighted image with radial k‐space demonstratin...Figure 10.5 Axial FSE/TSE T1‐weighted image of the chest with phase A to P....Figure 10.6 Axial FSE/TSE T1‐weighted image of the chest with phase L to R....Figure 10.7 The great vessels and chambers of the heart.Figure 10.8 The cardiac circulation.Figure 10.9 Coronal localizer through the chest cavity demonstrating slice p...Figure 10.10 Axial localizer through the heart showing slice angulation for ...Figure 10.11 Two‐chamber long‐axis view.Figure 10.12 Long axis view with slice angulation for the four‐chamber view....Figure 10.13 Four‐chamber view.Figure 10.14 Long axis view with slice angulation and boundaries for the sho...Figure 10.15 Short‐axis view.Figure 10.16 Axial images showing bright‐blood imaging (above) and black‐blo...Figure 10.17 Coronal fast spoiled GRE T1‐weighted image acquired after contr...Figure 10.18 Coronary artery imaging after contrast enhancement.Figure 10.19 Sagittal section through the breast.Figure 10.20 Bilateral multi‐channel breast coil.Figure 10.21 Axial spoiled GRE T1‐weighted image of the breasts.Figure 10.22 Axial FSE/TSE T2‐weighted image of the breasts with fat suppres...Figure 10.23 Axial 3D spoiled GRE T1‐weighted image of the breasts pre‐contr...Figure 10.24 Axial 3D spoiled GRE T1‐weighted image of the breasts post‐cont...Figure 10.25 Sagittal 3D spoiled GRE T1‐weighted image of the breasts post‐c...Figure 10.26 MIP post‐processed image of the breasts.Figure 10.27 Sagittal STIR of a breast implant.Figure 10.28 Axial FSE/TSE T1‐weighted unilateral image of a breast.Figure 10.29 The components of the brachial plexus.Figure 10.30 Coronal CSE T1‐weighted image of a normal brachial plexus.Figure 10.31 Coronal 3D STIR image of a normal brachial plexus.

      10 Chapter 11Figure 11.1 The components of the liver and biliary system.Figure 11.2 Coronal localizer through the abdomen demonstrating slice prescr...Figure 11.3 Axial spoiled GRE T1‐weighted out of phase image through the liv...Figure 11.4 Axial spoiled GRE T1‐weighted in phase image through the liver....Figure 11.5 Axial 3D FSE/TSE T2‐weighted fat suppressed image through the li...Figure 11.6 Axial SS‐FSE/TSE T2‐weighted image through the liver.Figure 11.7 Axial spoiled GRE T1‐weighted image with fat suppression (Dixon)...Figure 11.8 Coronal SS‐FSE/TSE image of the gallbladder (MRCP). A very long ...Figure 11.9 The urinary system and its vascular supply.Figure 11.10 Coronal localizer through the abdomen demonstrating slice presc...Figure 11.11 Axial spoiled GRE T1‐weighted image with fat suppression (Dixon...Figure 11.12 Axial spoiled GRE T1‐weighted image with fat suppression (Dixon...Figure 11.13 Coronal localizer through the abdomen demonstrating slice presc...Figure 11.14 MRU static‐fluid, coronal 3D FSE T2 highlighting both of the ur...Figure 11.15 MRU excretory, coronal spoiled GRE T1‐weighted with Gd showing ...Figure 11.16 The pancreas and related structures.Figure 11.17 Coronal localizer through the abdomen demonstrating slice presc...Figure 11.18 Axial spoiled GRE T1‐weighted

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