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Rembrandt van Rijn (1606-1669) has long been considered one of the greatest artists in European history. His paintings have launched imitations and homages, including best-selling novels, a recent TV series, and even a handful of popular films. Now, for the first time, this lovely text by Émile Michel is paired with carefully curated selections from Rembrandt’s portfolio to illuminate the history and work of this celebrated master of light.

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Obwohl die Landschaftsmalerei lange Zeit als Untergenre angesehen wurde, ist sie doch über ihre Vorgänger – die religiöse und historische Malerei – hinausgewachsen und hat sich zu einem eigenen Genre entwickelt. Giorgione in Italien, die Brueghels der Flämischen Schule, Claude Lorrain und Poussain der Französischen Schule und Turner und Constable in England sind nur einige wenige großartige Landschaftsmaler, die die Geschichte der Landschaft und die Kunst der Malerei geprägt haben. Nachdem sie lange Zeit nur als Hintergrund oder als Zeichenübung gedient hatte, wurde die Natur als eigener Gegenstand betrachtet und als Veranschaulichung einer aufgeklärten und wissenschaftlichen Studie der Welt in die Kunstwerke integriert. Durch ständige Veränderungen inspirierte sie die wichtigsten Maler und erlaubte einigen, wie zum Beispiel Turner, die unerbittliche Suche nach bloßem Realismus in bildlicher Darstellung zu überwinden. Émile Michel zeigt uns in diesem Buch das außergewöhnliche Panorama der Kunst vom 15. Jahrhundert bis heute und wie diese Künstler die Welt in all ihrer Pracht darstellen.

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Longtemps considéré comme la simple toile de fond d'une oeuvre, le paysage a dépassé la peinture religieuse et la peinture d'histoire pour devenir un genre à part entière. Si, pour les artistes, la nature a longtemps servi d'exercice et de décors aux sujets, elle a finalement été étudiée et intégrée dans leurs oeuvres comme un témoignage de l'étude éclairée et scientifique du monde. Qu'il soit classique, romantique, impressionniste, post-impressionniste ou postmoderne, ce genre pictural ne cesse d'attirer les artistes qui y trouvent une source intarissable d'inspiration. Giorgione, les Bruegel, Le Lorrain, Poussin, Turner ou encore Constable, pour ne citer que les plus grands, sont autant de peintres paysagistes qui laissèrent une trace indélébile dans l'histoire de l'art. À travers cette étude, Émile Michel nous offre un panorama exceptionnel, du XVe siècle à nos jours, sur l'art et la manière de peindre le monde dans toute sa splendeur.

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Although considered a minor genre for a long time, the art of landscape has risen above its forebears – religious and historic painting – to become a genre of its own. Giorgione in Italy, the Brueghels of the Flemish School, Claude Lorrain and Poussain of the French School, the Dutch landscape painters and Turner and Constable of England are just a few of the great landscapists who have left their indelible mark on the history of landscape and the art of painting as a whole. After serving for a long time as a backdrop for paintings and as a skill-practising exercise for artists, nature came to be observed for its own sake and was incorporated into works of art as an illustration of an enlightened and scientific study of the world. Through continual change, it has inspired the greatest painters and has allowed some others, like Turner, to transcend the relentless search for mere realism in pictorial representation. Through this study, Émile Michel offers an exceptional panorama, from the 15th century to the present, of art and the way artists portray the world in all its splendour.

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Pieter Brueghel was the first important member of a family of artists who were active for four generations. Firstly a drawer before becoming a painter later, he painted religious themes, such as Babel Tower, with very bright colours. Influenced by Hieronymus Bosch, he painted large, complex scenes of peasant life and scripture or spiritual allegories, often with crowds of subjects performing a variety of acts, yet his scenes are unified with an informal integrity and often with wit. In his work, he brought a new humanising spirit. Befriending the Humanists, Brueghel composed true philosophical landscapes in the heart of which man accepts passively his fate, caught in the track of time.

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Pieter Brueghel was the first important member of a family of artists who were active for four generations. Firstly a drawer before becoming a painter later, he painted religious themes, such as Babel Tower, with very bright colours. Influenced by Hieronymus Bosch, he painted large, complex scenes of peasant life and scripture or spiritual allegories, often with crowds of subjects performing a variety of acts, yet his scenes are unified with an informal integrity and often with wit. In his work, he brought a new humanising spirit. Befriending the Humanists, Brueghel composed true philosophical landscapes in the heart of which man accepts passively his fate, caught in the track of time.

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Rembrandt is completely mysterious in his spirit, his character, his life, his work and his method of painting. What we can divine of his essential nature comes through his painting and the trivial or tragic incidents of his unfortunate life; his penchant for ostentatious living forced him to declare bankruptcy. His misfortunes are not entirely explicable, and his oeuvre reflects disturbing notions and contradictory impulses emerging from the depths of his being, like the light and shade of his pictures. In spite of this, nothing perhaps in the history of art gives a more profound impression of unity than his paintings, composed though they are of such different elements, full of complex significations. One feels as if his intellect, that genial, great, free mind, bold and ignorant of all servitude and which led him to the loftiest meditations and the most sublime reveries, derived from the same source as his emotions. From this comes the tragic element he imprinted on everything he painted, irrespective of subject; there was inequality in his work as well as the sublime, which may be seen as the inevitable consequence of such a tumultuous existence. It seems as though this singular, strange, attractive and almost enigmatic personality was slow in developing, or at least in attaining its complete expansion. Rembrandt showed talent and an original vision of the world early, as evidenced in his youthful etchings and his first self-portraits of about 1630. In painting, however, he did not immediately find the method he needed to express the still incomprehensible things he had to say, that audacious, broad and personal method which we admire in the masterpieces of his maturity and old age. In spite of its subtlety, it was adjudged brutal in his day and certainly contributed to alienate his public. From the time of his beginnings and of his successes, however, lighting played a major part in his conception of painting and he made it the principal instrument of his investigations into the arcana of interior life. It already revealed to him the poetry of human physiognomy when he painted The Philosopher in Meditation or the Holy Family, so deliciously absorbed in its modest intimacy, or, for example, in The Angel Raphael leaving Tobias. Soon he asked for something more. The Night Watch marks at once the apotheosis of his reputation. He had a universal curiosity and he lived, meditated, dreamed and painted thrown back on himself. He thought of the great Venetians, borrowing their subjects and making of them an art out of the inner life of profound emotion. Mythological and religious subjects were treated as he treated his portraits. For all that he took from reality and even from the works of others, he transmuted it instantly into his own substance.

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