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      South Sudan

       OHIO SHORT HISTORIES OF AFRICA

      This series of Ohio Short Histories of Africa is meant for those who are looking for a brief but lively introduction to a wide range of topics in African history, politics, and biography, written by some of the leading experts in their fields.

       Steve Biko

      by Lindy Wilson

       Spear of the Nation (Umkhonto weSizwe): South Africa’s Liberation Army, 1960s–1990s

      by Janet Cherry

       Epidemics: The Story of South Africa’s Five Most Lethal Human Diseases

      by Howard Phillips

       South Africa’s Struggle for Human Rights

      by Saul Dubow

       San Rock Art

      by J.D. Lewis-Williams

       Ingrid Jonker: Poet under Apartheid

      by Louise Viljoen

       The ANC Youth League

      by Clive Glaser

       Govan Mbeki

      by Colin Bundy

       The Idea of the ANC

      by Anthony Butler

       Emperor Haile Selassie

      by Bereket Habte Selassie

       Thomas Sankara: An African Revolutionary

      by Ernest Harsch

       Patrice Lumumba

      by Georges Nzongola-Ntalaja

       Short-changed? South Africa since Apartheid

      by Colin Bundy

       The ANC Women’s League: Sex, Gender and Politics

      by Shireen Hassim

       The Soweto Uprising

      by Noor Nieftagodien

       Frantz Fanon: Toward a Revolutionary Humanism

      by Christopher J. Lee

       Ellen Johnson Sirleaf

      by Pamela Scully

       Ken Saro-Wiwa

      by Roy Doron and Toyin Falola

       South Sudan: A New History for a New Nation

      by Douglas H. Johnson

      South Sudan

       A New History for a New Nation

      Douglas H. Johnson

      OHIO UNIVERSITY PRESS

      ATHENS

      Advance praise for South Sudan

      “For anyone wishing to gain a fresh perspective on South Sudan, this new history is essential reading. Basing his account on decades of research and involvement, Johnson delivers a superlative summation of an exceptional history. Culturally and politically nuanced, his insightful narrative is engagingly written, economically delivering to the reader a real appreciation of South Sudan’s burden of becoming while, at the same time, scouting the forces that will shape its future.”

      —Mark Duffield, author of Development, Security and Unending War: Governing the World of Peoples

      “Douglas Johnson’s South Sudan is a bold project by an author deeply knowledgeable about how local histories have now merged into a new and troubled state. The book offers impressive details for how disparate ethnicities have come to take on the obstacles to building a nation, or the failure to do so. Johnson has been a consummate observer of this place and this struggle that has a history and faces extraordinary challenges to make a national future.”

      —James C. McCann, author of Maize and Grace: Africa’s Encounter with a New World Crop

      “Johnson’s unrivaled knowledge of South Sudan’s history is apparent throughout this concise and readable book. His approach is both sympathetic and critical: South Sudan’s current woes are explicable, but not inevitable. It would be easy to see South Sudan’s history simply as a bleak story of oppression and misrule; but Johnson shows us that it is also a story of innovation and courage. South Sudan has a deeply problematic historical legacy, and the current situation is dire: yet as this timely book shows, it is not hopeless.”

      —Justin Willis, coeditor of The Sudan Handbook

      “It is a challenging intellectual responsibility to write a ‘new history for a new nation,’ but it is difficult to imagine anyone better qualified to do it than Douglas Johnson. In this brief book Johnson not only covers the entire sweep of the history of southern Sudan from the ancient period to the present day but evokes with precision and nuance crucial developments in the history of region and nation and its peoples.”

      —Charles H. Ambler, author of Kenyan Communities in the Age of Imperialism

      “South Sudan: A New History for a New Nation is the best current political history of the world’s youngest nation by its most prominent living historian.”

      —Deborah Scroggins, author of Emma’s War

      Ohio University Press, Athens, Ohio 45701

       ohioswallow.com

      © 2016 by Ohio University Press

      All rights reserved

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      Printed in the United States of America Ohio University Press books are printed on acid-free paper

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      Cover design by Joey Hi-Fi

       Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

      9780821445846 (e-book)

      <to come>

       For Wendy, with love

       Contents

       List of Illustrations

       1. Introduction: “This Is Where We Came From”

       2. South Sudan in the Nile Basin

       3. Trees and Wandering Bulls

       4. Trade and Empires, Tribal Zones and Deep Rurals

       5. Dispersal and Diasporas

       6. The Dual Colonialism of the Condominium

       7. The Politics of Competing

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