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       Making the Mark

       Ohio University Research in International Studies

      This series of publications on Africa, Latin America, Southeast Asia, and Global and Comparative Studies is designed to present significant research, translation, and opinion to area specialists and to a wide community of persons interested in world affairs. The series is distributed worldwide. For more information, consult the Ohio University Press website, ohioswallow.com.

      Books in the Ohio University Research in International Studies series are published by Ohio University Press in association with the Center for International Studies. The views expressed in individual volumes are those of the authors and should not be considered to represent the policies or beliefs of the Center for International Studies, Ohio University Press, or Ohio University.

      Executive Editor: Gillian Berchowitz

      Making the Mark

       GENDER, IDENTITY, AND GENITAL CUTTING

      Miroslava Prazak

       Ohio University Research in International Studies

      Africa Series No. 93

      Ohio University Press

      Athens

      © 2016 by the Center for International Studies

      Ohio University

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       Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

      Names: Prazak, Miroslava, author.

      Title: Making the mark : gender, identity, and genital cutting / Miroslava Prazak.

      Other titles: Research in international studies. Africa series ; no. 93.

      Description: Athens, Ohio : Ohio University Press, 2016. | Series: Ohio University research in international studies, Africa series ; no. 93

      Identifiers: LCCN 2016024889| ISBN 9780896803091 (hc : alk. paper) | ISBN 9780896803107 (pb : alk. paper) | ISBN 9780896804975 (pdf)

      Subjects: LCSH: Female circumcision—Kenya. | Circumcision—Kenya. | Kuria (African people)–Rites and ceremonies. | Kuria (African people)—Social life and customs.

      Classification: LCC GN484 .P73 2016 | DDC 392.1096762—dc23

      LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2016024889

      For Robert, Megan, and Dylan

       Contents

       List of Illustrations

       Acknowledgments

       Families in the Book: Genealogical Charts

       Introduction

       Chapter 1. Trouble with Witchcraft

       Chapter 2. Boys Lead

       Chapter 3. Girls Follow

       Chapter 4. Something Different

       Chapter 5. Consoling, Feasting, and Coming Out

       Chapter 6. Talk, Talk, Talk

       Chapter 7. Where Do We Go from Here?

       Epilogue

       Appendix: Bwirege Circumcision Sets

       Glossary

       Notes

       Bibliography

       Index

       Illustrations

      Figures

       1A. People of Chacha Jonas

       1B. People of Moses Kisito

       1C. People of Stephen Wambura

       2. Kuria descent structure

       3. Alternative Rite of Passage Certificate

       4A. Opinion poll findings on genital cutting (girls)

       4B. Opinion poll findings on gential cutting (boys)

      Map

       Kuria District

      Photographs

      Following Chapter 2

       Male initiates beginning walk home from circumcision ground

       Males walking back from circumcision

       Musicians in front of homestead: flute, ibirandi, ekegoogo

       Omosaamba pausing at cattle gate amid revelers

       Returning to an initiate’s home

       Male initiate (left rear) resting upon return home, guarded by other abasaamba

       Homestead flying flags of initiation

      Following Chapter 3

       Female initiate leaving circumcision ground

       Escorts on hillside encountering living bushes

       Musicians with ekegoogo and ibiraandi

      

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