LITMIR.BIZ

      INTRODUCTION

      Recently, United States herpetoculturists have focused on a more naturalistic approach to keeping reptiles and amphibians. Many keepers now house their animals in naturalistic vivaria—captive environments that simulate certain essential characteristics of an animal’s natural habitat—a trend that has led to increased interest in the small animals that thrive in these new kinds of enclosures.

      Among the best vivarium animals are tree frogs, stunning creatures that perch on virtually anything—including glass walls, branches, and leaves—and make for incredible display animals. Certain species of these frogs even can be kept with other small frogs and lizards in a community vivarium, allowing keepers to create vibrant habitats in their own home. Unfortunately, just as the interest in tropical amphibians is increasing, availability appears to be diminishing, the result of lack of knowledge, lack of standards for commercial exploitation, protective legislation (some of which is unsound), habitat destruction, and environmental and climatic changes. If people are to enjoy frogs and other amphibians in the future, sound conservation, research, and management of various species must receive immediate attention, and herpetologists must establish self-sustainable populations of as many species as possible.

      The authors’ original goal was to write a simple, basic book on the care of popular tree frogs, but during the writing process it became obvious that successful frog keeping requires certain skills and knowledge—much like keeping tropical fish. Although there are a number of books about the care of amphibians, several were written by authors with little or no experience in keeping or breeding frogs, and few contain any valuable information.

      This book, written by experienced and recognized frog herpetoculturists, focuses on the care of popular tree frogs now sold in pet stores. It covers many important topics, from acclimating imported species to housing, feeding, and captive-breeding. It is a practical manual for the serious hobbyist who cares about the welfare of his or her animals.

      CHAPTER 1

      GENERAL INFORMATION AND SELECTION

       What are Tree Frogs?

      Tree frog is the popular term for arboreal and semiarboreal, nocturnal frogs that have toe pads at the ends of their digits. The common name “tree frog”is usually reserved for members of the family Hylidae, but the popular herpetocultural definition also includes the glass frogs (family Centronelidae), reed frogs (family Hyperolidae), and flying frogs (family Rhacophoridae).

       Selecting Tree Frogs

      If you are new to keeping tree frogs, your best bet is to begin with a species that has simple, clear-cut care requirements; possibilities include White’s tree frogs (Litoria caerulea), white-lipped tree frogs (L. infrafrenata), green tree frogs (Hyla cinerea), and Cuban tree frogs (Osteopiius septentrionalis). Other tree frogs require some experience, particularly if they are wild-caught imports, but, if you follow the instructions in this book, you also should have success with moderately difficult-to-keep species, such as the ever-popular red-eyed tree frogs.

      As a rule, species that require cool, temperate conditions, or hail from a cloud forest or tropical rainforest tend to be more difficult to keep than the more adaptable temperate and subtropical species. This is usually because cloud-forest and rainforest species have specific habitat requirements—such as a particular landscape, temperate range, relative humidity range, or air flow—that need to be duplicated if the frogs are to survive for a long time. However, researching the habitat and niche of particular tree frogs, acquiring experience at establishing frogs, and setting up the right type of vivaria will allow you to successfully keep and breed these more difficult species.

      A rare “blue” axanthic green tree frog.

      This book focuses on the care of easy-to-keep and readily available species, but also includes information on gliding tree frogs, an appealing species that has more complex care requirements.

      The first step to keeping tree frogs successfully is to select the species that you can comfortably accommodate. The second step is to select potentially healthy animals (see below).

       Captive-Bred Versus Wild-Caught Specimens

      White’s tree frogs are captive-bred in large numbers in the United States and are generally easy to rear to adulthood. Other captive-bred species are available less frequently and, due to the small size and special requirements of their young, are often more difficult to rear. Wild-caught adults of the popular species mentioned in this book (with the exception of gliding

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