Secondary Metabolites of Medicinal Plants - Bharat Singh

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heat-treated and sun-dried leaves of C. alata along with kaempferol 3-O-gentiobioside were assessed for anti-inflammatory activity. The strong inhibitory effects were showed by extracts of heat-treated and sun-dried leaves on concanavalin A-induced histamine release from rat peritoneal exudate cells. The heat-treated leaf extract demonstrated higher anti-inflammatory activity than sun-dried leaf extract (Moriyama et al. 2003). From suspension cultures of Cassia didymobotrya, several polyphenolic compounds were characterized: 7-acetylchrysophanol, chrysophanol-physcion-10,10′-bianthrone, (E)- and (Z)-3′-hydroxy-3,4,5′-trimethoxystilbene, (E)-4,3′-dihydroxy-3,5′-dimethoxystilbene, and 7,4′-dihydroxy-3,5,3′-trimethoxyflavone (Delle Monache et al. 1991).

      Cell culture studies of C. tora were carried out by using nodal explants. Maximum callus yield was obtained on MS medium supplemented with 2,4-D, NAA, and kinetin. Highest growth index was obtained at the 30th day of subculture in both the plants. Analysis of plant parts revealed maximum content of flavonoids in leaves and minimum in stem. The plant parts and in vitro cultures were also studied for their antioxidant potential (Vats and Kamal 2014c). Two novel alkaloids with an unprecedented tricyclic skeleton, cassiarins A and B, have been isolated from the leaves of Cassia siamea, and the structures were elucidated based on spectroscopic data. Cassiarin A showed a potent antiplasmodial activity (Morita et al. 2007).

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