Скачать книгу

дифференциальных и/или интегральных признаков фонем.

      3

      Параметры интонации – конкретные субстанциональные сущности, используемые на более низких уровнях фонетического поведения: моторные, артикуляторные, акустические, перцептивные и др. [Кодзасов, 1982].

      4

      Так, например, в слове звук, средний между [a] и [е], в ударной позиции может восприниматься неоднозначно, почти не замечаются его акустические отклонения от основного аллофона, а во фразе он воспринимается так же, как неискаженный звук.

      5

      В эксперименте приняли участие носители арабского, мальгашского языков и суахили.

      6

      Термин Л. В. Щербы.

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

Скачать книгу