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for GNT products for the producers and users.

      4 Branding green nano products and services globally by creating awareness in every country to use and to support to realize the SDG of the United Nations.

      5 Country governments should encourage the production and use of GNT products and services by providing tax relaxation and other financial incentives for the initial few years. This will accelerate the penetration of GNT products and services development and usage in the country.

      6 Government support for open innovation without patent rights leads to wide production and marketing of GNT products and services by many companies in different industry sectors. A systematic rewarding policy should be developed to honor such an open innovation.

      7 Accelerated Focus on general‐purpose technology development through national technology policy to provide more resources and encouragement for researchers and investors.

      8 Government and Nongovernment organizations (NGO) efforts on creating awareness programs on the advantages of green nano products and risk prevention strategies through the design of safer and green processes that make them.

      The proactive policies of government and industry sectors to encourage investors and development of skilled human resources. The responsible approach of government, industries, organizations, and individuals in developing green and eco‐friendly NT as a technological tool will enable more sustainable products and processes for the next industrial revolution to realize the United Nations SDG.

3.15 Conclusion

      Converting NT into green and eco‐friendly NT by means of using bottom‐up preparation techniques of green chemistry allows us to decrease the risks associated with it to various industrial applications and resembles the many characteristics of ideal technology [89]. Being a general‐purpose technology with characteristics like pervasiveness, improvement, and innovative opportunities, NT has its roots and branches in almost all parts of science and technology applications in society. The fear of adverse effects of nanomaterials on user health and environment is also possible to take care by choosing green synthesis methods at room temperature processes. The United Nations identified 17 SDG in the year 2015, for global prospectus of humanity as systematic development objectives to be realized by 2030 with a timeframe of 15 years. These SDG goals can be realized using two general‐purpose technologies of the twenty‐first century that include NT and ICCT, in which NT has a major role to support 12 goals for realization. The opportunities and challenges of GNT in major part of primary, secondary, tertiary, and quaternary industry sectors encourages and accelerates the growth and acceptance of technology by enhancing investments and support NT usage by every country.

Table 3.8 SD goals, suitable technologies and focus on different industry sector to achieve them.

Goal No.	Focus issue	Technology	Focus of technological solutions in different industry sectors
1	Reduce poverty	NT	Green nanotechnology in primary sector with focus on agriculture industry
2	Reduce hunger	NT	Green nanotechnology with a focus on food preservation, transportation, and even preparation of artificial food
3	Health and well‐being	NT	Green nanotechnology in healthcare and environment cleaning
4	Quality higher education	ICCT	Education technology using ICCT and nanotechnology in the tertiary sector
5	Gender equality	ICCT	Awareness and equal opportunity creation using ICCT‐based education
6	Clean water and sanitation	NT	Green nanotechnology in primary and secondary industry sectors
7	Affordable renewable energy	NT	Green nanotechnology for highly efficient renewable energy generation and storage
8	Decent employment	NT and ICCT	Green nanotechnology together with ICCT created skilled jobs and employment
9	Sustainable industrialization	NT and ICCT	Green nanotechnology together with ICCT provides industry 4.0 and industry 5.0 based mass customization and total automation in all industry sectors
10	Reduced inequalities among countries	—	Through technology transfer and cooperation between the countries through free trade
11	Safe and sustainable cities and communities	ICCT and NT	Green nanotechnology together ICCT supports to create smart cities integrated industrial facilities
12	Ensure sustainable production and consumption	NT and ICCT	Green nanotechnology together with artificial intelligence and IoT supports sustainable production and consumption of essential commodities
13	Combat on climate change	NT	Green nanotechnology supports to control environmental degradation and provides the optimum solution to clean the environment and helps to combat climate change
14	Conserve ocean and marine resources	NT	Green nanotechnology is capable enough to clean the ocean to conserve marine resources
15	Protect life on land	NT	Green nanotechnology in the healthcare sector, strong shelter, and pollution‐free clean environment through nanotechnology can protect life on the planet
16	Ensure peace and justice	ICCT	Communicate and collaborate using ICCT for peace and prosperity
17	Global partnership for sustainability	ICCT	Communicate and collaborate using ICCT for resource sharing

References

      1 1 Aithal, P.S. and Aithal, S. (2019). Management of Universal Technologies & their Industry Implications. Proceedings of International Conference on Emerging Trends in Management, IT and Education 1 (2): 318–328. ISBN No.: 978‐87‐941751‐2‐4.

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