LITMIR.BIZ

Keeping produce safe–from the farm to the fork As health- and quality-conscious consumers increasingly seek out fresh fruit and vegetables, participants in the food supply chain–growers, shippers, processors, and retailers–must be ever more effective in safeguarding their products and protecting consumers. Microbial Hazard Identification in Fresh Fruits and Vegetables is a comprehensive guide for the fresh fruit and vegetable industry to understanding and controlling the hazards that can affect their products on every leg of the journey from farm to fork. From production, harvesting, packing, and distribution to retail and consumer handling, the text highlights food safety hazards and potential areas of microbial contamination, examines food-borne pathogens and their association with produce-related outbreaks over the years, and points out areas for further research to better understand the survival of pathogens on fresh produce throughout the food chain. Particularly valuable to the industry are discussions of: * Food worker hygiene, including control measures and employee training requirements * Major areas of known contamination and mitigation measures * Implementation of Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points (HACCP) * Contamination and mishandling during storage and transportation, and in retail display cases * Recommendations for consumer behavior with fresh produce and food handling prior to consumption in the home * A case study of the economic impact of the 2003 green onion food-borne outbreak A comprehensive look at both microbial hazards and available measures for their prevention, this book is an essential reference for the fresh fruit and vegetable industry as well as a practical text for the education and training of scientists, professionals, and staff involved in managing food safety.

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Finite Element Methods are used for numerous engineering applications where numerical solutions of partial differential equations are needed. As computers can now deal with the millions of parameters used in these methods, automatic error estimation and automatic adaptation of the utilised method (according to this error estimation), has become a hot research topic. This text offers comprehensive coverage of this new field of automatic adaptation and error estimation, bringing together the work of eight outstanding researchers in this field who have completed a six year national research project within the German Science Foundation. The result is a state-of-the-art work in true reference style. Each chapter is self-contained and covers theoretical, algorithmic and software presentations as well as solved problems. A main feature consists of several carefully elaborated benchmarks of 2D- and 3D- applications. * First book to go beyond the Finite Element Method in itself * Covers material from a new research area * Presents benchmarks of 2D- and 3D- applications * Fits with the new trend for genetic strategies in engineering

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The book collects almost all the recommendations issued so far by the DGGT working group «Numerical analysis in geotechnology» in one work. For the collected publication, the recommendations have been matched, updated and in many aspects supplemented and completed.

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A highly practical troubleshooting tool for today's complex processing industry Evolving industrial technology-driven by the need to increase safety while reducing production losses-along with environmental factors and legal concerns has resulted in an increased emphasis on sound troubleshooting techniques and documentation. Analytical Troubleshooting of Process Machinery and Pressure Vessels provides both students and engineering professionals with the tools necessary for understanding and solving equipment problems in today's complex processing environment. Drawing on forty years of industrial experience in the petrochemical, transportation, and component manufacturing industries, the author introduces analytical models that utilize simple mathematics to provide engineers with the information needed to understand equipment operation and failure modes. This will allow engineering professionals to talk intelligibly with manufacturers, implement modifications required for continued operation, and ultimately help them save millions of dollars in lost production or warranty claims. Readers will find in-depth coverage of factors that can cause equipment failure, including: * Component wear and fretting * Vibration of machines and piping * Instabilities and sizing of pumps and compressors * Thermal loads and stresses * Gear, bearing, shafting, and coupling loading * Corrosion and materials of construction By striking a balance between analytical and practical considerations, each potential problem area is illustrated with case studies taken from the author's own extensive experience and accompanied by methods that can be used to address a variety of related challenges.

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This book contributes to more reliable and realistic predictions by focusing on sampling times from a few seconds to a few hours. Its objectives include developing clear definitions of statistical terms, such as plume sampling time, concentration averaging time, receptor exposure time, and other terms often confused with each other or incorrectly specified in hazard assessments; identifying and quantifying situations for which there is no adequate knowledge to predict concentration fluctuations in the near-field, close to sources, and far downwind where dispersion is dominated by atmospheric turbulence; identifying areas where further information is required to define concentration variability statistics; and formulating an operation model for concentration fluctuations based on the current state of knowledge of dispersion processes.

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The EPA investigation of a 1994 chemical plant tragedy concluded that «the explosion resulted from a lack of written safe operating procedures…» While good written procedures can't guarantee zero accidents, they can reduce the number of accidents caused by human error. This new book shows how to remedy this problem through selecting and implementing actions that promote safe, efficient operations and maintenance, improve quality, continuity, profitability and cost control, build upon and record process experience, and promote the concept that operating and maintenance procedures are vital plant components. It includes practical samples of procedure formats, checklists and many references.

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This CCPS Concept book shows designers and operators of chemical facilities how to realistically estimate the flammable mass in a cloud of accidentally released material that is capable of igniting. It provides information on industry experience with flammable vapor clouds, basic concepts of fires and explosions, and an overview of related computer programs.

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At last, smaller chemical processing operations have truly easy access to process safety and risk management programs tailored to meet their needs. Written as a «how to» book with checklists, it offers sufficient information for managers of facilities with small chemical operations to implement a process safety program and meet existing regulations.

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The second edition of this essential reference updates and combines two earlier titles to capture the many technological advances for predicting the «footprint» of a vapor cloud release. Cited by EPA in its 1996 document, «Off-Site Consequence Analysis Guidance,» the aim of the book is to encourage and facilitate the development and use of dispersion modeling as an everyday tool, providing practical understanding of basic physical and chemical principles, guidance in selecting release scenarios and the best available models, and information and examples on how to run some models and interpret outputs. Equally useful to beginners and experts, it compares 22 programs based on input from model developers, and presents 7 examples of typical accidental release scenarios. The book comes with a disk providing input and output data for scenarios.

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This book provides guidance to those with responsibility for scheduling and executing a Pre-Startup Safety Review (PSSR). It outlines a protocol and tool for use by project or turnaround teams, to effectively and efficiently schedule and execute a PSSR. Integrates PSSR throughout the project/turnaround phases, with a verification check at the traditional PSSR step Supports a «right first time» and «check only once» project philosophy to eliminate surprises Features how-to checklists, hazard assessment, batch and continuous processes, validation, and documentation Includes a CD with PSSR checklists and PSSR management system examples. Note: CD-ROM/DVD and other supplementary materials are not included as part of eBook file.

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