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This book represents a collection of 30 selected papers from the work of John W. Cahn. Dr. Cahn is Senior Fellow at the Materials Science and Engineering Laboratory of the National Institute of Standards and Technology, and is widely recognized as a founder of modern theory and thought in materials science. The range of his research included kinetics and mechanisms of metallurgical phase changes, surfaces, interfaces, defects, quasicrystals, thermodynamics, and other areas impacting the fundamental understanding of materials science. Each paper includes a 2-4 page review of the impact and historical perspective of the work. This is an important collection for students, instructors, and scientists interested in materials science.

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This book contains chapters on cutting-edge developments presented at the TMS annual conference of 2012.

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Because of the rapid increase in commercially available Fourier transform infrared spectrometers and computers over the past ten years, it has now become feasible to use IR spectrometry to characterize very thin films at extended interfaces. At the same time, interest in thin films has grown tremendously because of applications in microelectronics, sensors, catalysis, and nanotechnology. The Handbook of Infrared Spectroscopy of Ultrathin Films provides a practical guide to experimental methods, up-to-date theory, and considerable reference data, critical for scientists who want to measure and interpret IR spectra of ultrathin films. This authoritative volume also: Offers information needed to effectively apply IR spectroscopy to the analysis and evaluation of thin and ultrathin films on flat and rough surfaces and on powders at solid-gaseous, solid-liquid, liquid-gaseous, liquid-liquid, and solid-solid interfaces. Provides full discussion of theory underlying techniques Describes experimental methods in detail, including optimum conditions for recording spectra and the interpretation of spectra Gives detailed information on equipment, accessories, and techniques Provides IR spectroscopic data tables as appendixes, including the first compilation of published data on longitudinal frequencies of different substances Covers new approaches, such as Surface Enhanced IR spectroscopy (SEIR), time-resolved FTIR spectroscopy, high-resolution microspectroscopy and using synchotron radiation

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Porous Silicon Carbide and Gallium Nitride: Epitaxy, Catalysis, and Biotechnology Applications presents the state-of-the-art in knowledge and applications of porous semiconductor materials having a wide band gap. This comprehensive reference begins with an overview of porous wide-band-gap technology, and describes the underlying scientific basis for each application area. Additional chapters cover preparation, characterization, and topography; processing porous SiC; medical applications; magnetic ion behavior, and many more

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Biocatalysts are increasingly used by chemists engaged in fine chemical synthesis within both industry and academia. Today, there exists a huge choice of high-tech enzymes and whole cell biocatalysts, which add enormously to the repertoire of synthetic possibilities. Practical Methods for Biocatalysis and Biotransformations is a “how-to” guide focussing on commercially available enzymes and strains of microorganisms that are readily obtained from culture collections. The source of starting materials and reagents, hints, tips and safety advice (where appropriate) are given to ensure, as far as possible, that the procedures are reproducible. Comparisons to alternative methodology are given and relevant references to the primary literature are cited. Contents include: Introduction to the application of biocatalysts in the pharma industry introduction to molecular biological techniques for biocatalyst development Lipase and protease methods including enzyme supports and dynamic kinetic resolutions Nitrile hydrolases and hydratases Alcohol dehydrogenases and co-factor recycling Epoxide hydrolases Amino acid synthesis Whole cell processes Other biocatalysts, including monoamineoxidases, aminotransterases, and lyases Practical Methods for Biocatalysis and Biotransformations is an essential text offering validated biocatalyst methods for researchers and postgraduate students in industry and academia.

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The Novartis Foundation Series is a popular collection of the proceedings from Novartis Foundation Symposia, in which groups of leading scientists from a range of topics across biology, chemistry and medicine assembled to present papers and discuss results. The Novartis Foundation, originally known as the Ciba Foundation, is well known to scientists and clinicians around the world.

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This book presents a physical approach to the diffraction phenomenon and its applications in materials science. An historical background to the discovery of X-ray diffraction is first outlined. Next, Part 1 gives a description of the physical phenomenon of X-ray diffraction on perfect and imperfect crystals. Part 2 then provides a detailed analysis of the instruments used for the characterization of powdered materials or thin films. The description of the processing of measured signals and their results is also covered, as are recent developments relating to quantitative microstructural analysis of powders or epitaxial thin films on the basis of X-ray diffraction. Given the comprehensive coverage offered by this title, anyone involved in the field of X-ray diffraction and its applications will find this of great use.

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This title brings together a variety of papers presented at the 9th annual Meso meeting in 2007. The topics selected for Meso 2007 are designed to illustrate the relation of thresholds to multiscaling: Flow through capillary tubes in contrast to pipes Laminar and turbulent flow transition Heat convection of thin wires in contrast to cylinders Electrical conductance of macro- and nano-circuits Rubbery and glassy polymers Single- and poly-crystal behavior Strength of wires and round cylindrical bars Uni-axial and multi-axial material: linear and non-linear response Thin and thick plate behavior Brittle and ductile fracture Small and large crack growth behavior Low and high temperature effects Local and global material property characteristics Small and large bodies: size and time effects Specimen and structure

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EVERY SECOND COUNTS WHEN YOU'RE RESPONDING TO AN EMERGENCY INVOLVINGCONFINED SPACE-HERE'S THE DEFINITIVE GUIDE TO PERFORMING FLAWLESS RESCUES! Confined Space Entry and Emergency Response utilizes a realistic, scenario-based approach to teach you-and your staff-the right way to respond to an incident involving a confined space. The authors provide intensive, step-by-step guidance through the challenging maze of training regulations, equipment needs, and procedures to keep your response team finely tuned and ready to go under any conditions. You'll find expert, detailed coverage of complex-and often confusing-topics such as: * The basic components of rescue * OSHA's regulations for confined space entry and rescue * Confined space entry permitting * Assessing confined space hazards * Hazardous atmospheres and how to protect entrants from them * Air monitoring in confined spaces * Selection and use of personal protective equipment * The use of ropes and rigging The CD-ROM includes the Instructor's Guide along with lesson plans and useful practice tools such as worksheets, exercise handouts, performance checklists, diagrams and equipment lists for field exercises, instructions for building field training simulators, and guidelines for identifying rescue trainers and evaluating their competency as well as that of outside rescue teams. Everything you need to effectively train those working in a confined space can truly be found within these pages and on the CD-ROM.

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The complexity of today's risk decisions is well known. Beyond cost and risk there are many other factors contributing to these decisions, including type of risk (such as human injury or fatality), the economic impact on the local community, profitability, availability of capital, alternatives for reducing or eliminating the risk, costs of implementing alternatives, codes, standards, regulation, and good industry practice. This book presents a large range of decision aids for risk analysts and decision makers in industry so that vital decisions can be made in a more consistent, logical, and rigorous manner. Though primarily aimed at the process industry, this book can be used by anyone who makes similar decisions in other industries, including those in management science.

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